蹴鞠 [cù jū] is an old Chinese sport. It is a competitive game that requires kicking a ball through an opening into a net. The ball that is used in this sport is made with a kind of leather ball stuffed with feathers, and it is not allowed to use the hands during the game. It is regarded as the first 足球 [zú qiú] (football).
The form of 蹴鞠 [cù jū] is similar to that of modern 足球 [zú qiú], but it consists of different types of playing modes and skills. The game was initially invented for military training purposes. During the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220), the popularity of 蹴鞠 [cù jū] spread from the army to the royal courts and upper classes. 蹴鞠 [cù jū] games were standardized and rules were also established during this period of time. In the Tang Dynasty (618-907), 蹴鞠 [cù jū] game significantly developed and spread to Japan and Korea in the east and Europe in the west.
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